Method of tufting



Dec. 11, 1951 w. w. HAMBY METHOD OF TUFTING Filed May 24, 1948 8 Sheets-Sheet l 3mm WALTER W. HAM av Dec. 11, 1951 w w, HAMBY 2,578,242

METHOD OF TUFTING' 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 24, 1948 3mm WALTER W. HAMBY Dec. 11, 1951 w. w. HAMBY 2,573,242

I METHOD OF TUFTING Filed May 24, 1948 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 lln gwuwwtom WALTER W.HAMBY 11, 1951 w, w HAMBY 2,578,242

HOD OF TUFTING iled May 24 948 8 Sheet s 4 Dc. 11, 1951 w, w HAMBY 2,578,242

METHOD OF TUFTING Filed May 24, 1948 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 FIG.7.,

WALTERW HA BY RWW Dec. 11, 1951v w. w. HAMBY 2,578,242

- METHOD OF TUFTING Filed May 24, 1948 s Shee"csSheef 7 awe/Wm ,WALTER W. HAM BY Patented Dec. 11, 1951 METHOD OF TUF'TING Walter W. Hamby, Greensboro, N. 0., assignor of one-fifth to Isaac C. Adams, Dalton, Ga.

Application May 24, 1948, Serial No. 28,923

2 Claims. 1

My invention relates to a method of tufting.

An important object of the invention is to provide a method of producing spaced tufts, simulating hand-made candlewick work, and for retaining the legs of the U-shaped tufts of equal length, whereby the work will have an even and attractive appearance.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this application, and in which like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the same,

Figure 1 is a plan view of a machine embodying my invention, parts broken away,

Figure 2 is a front side elevation of the same,

Figure 3 is a rear side elevation of the same,

Figure 4 is an elevation of the needlebar end of the machine,

Figure 5 is a similar view, parts omitted, showing the needle bar raisedand latched in the raised position,

Figure 6 is a plan View of the same,

Figure 7 is a horizontal section taken on line '!'i of Figure 5,

Figure 8 is a transverse vertical section taken on line 3-8 of Figure 1, the feed dog being dotted for the purpose of illustration,

Figure 9 is an elevation of the driving end of the machine,

Figure 10 is a side elevation of the machine, parts broken away to show certain operating elements,

Figure 10a, is a longitudinal section through the reciprocatory housing and latch, and,

Figure 11 is a diagrammatic view showing the relative positions of the needle and cams.

The tufting machine comprises a horizontal fiat base 25, upon which is rigidly mounted a stock 2!, carrying an overhanging tubular arm 22, having a head 23 secured thereto.

The base 253 is equipped with the usual throat plate having an opening for the passage of the teeth 24 of the feed dog 25. One end of this feed dog is raised and lowered by a roller 26, operating within a slot 21. This roller is carried by a ver- "cally swinging crank 23; rigidly mounted upon a rock shaft 28, suitably mounted beneath the base 2i], as is well known. The opposite end of the feed dog 25' is pivotally connected, at 30, with a vertically swinging crank 3i, rigidly mounted upon a rock shaft 32', arranged beneath the base 2!] and suitably mounted thereon. The crank 3i serves to move the feed dog longitudinally, as it is raised and lowered. This is the. conventional feed dog arrangement and no fur.- ther description is thought to be necessary. The

- upon the main drive shaft 38.

2 rock shaft 29, Figure 8, has a crank 33 rigidly connected therewith, pivotally connected at 34 with a connecting rod 35, extending upwardly and connected with an eccentric strap 36, en-' gaging an eccentric 3! rigidly mounted upon a main drive shaft 38, suitably journaled within the arm 22. The companion rock shaft 32 has a vertically swinging crank 39 rigidly secured thereto, having a lever 40 pivotally connected therewith, as shown at 4|. This lever extends upwardly and. is equipped with a fork 42, receiving the vertically sliding block 43, having a cylindrical opening for rotatably receiving an eccentric 44. This eccentric is rigidly mounted The lever 40 is pivotally mounted at 45 upon the upper end of a link 56, Figures 8 and 10, and this link is pivotally mounted at its lower end as shown at 41, upon a bell crank lever 48. This bell crank lever is mounted upon a fixed pivot 49. The bell crank lever has a rod rigidly secured thereto extending to the exterior of the stock 2| through an opening 5i. This rod carries a shock absorbing sleeve 52, formed of fiber, rubber or the like, and this sleeve is arranged between vertically adjustable stops or screws 53 and 54, carried by brackets and 56 respectively, rigidly secured to the stock. When the bell crank lever 48 has its right end, Figure 8, swung upwardly, its opposite end is swung downwardly and the link 46 is lowered, which results in lowering the pivot 45 of the lever 40. This increases the distance between the pivot 45 and the center of the eccentric 44, with the result that the longitudinal movement of the lever 48 caused by the eccentric 44 is reduced and the feed dog has a shortened throw. The stop 53 limits the upward movement of the rod 50 and by this means the shortened throw of the feed dog may be limited or adjusted. When the rod 5!] is moved downwardly, the pivot 45 is moved upwardly and the lever 46 moves longitudinally for an increased distance by the action of the eccentric 44, whereby the feed dog has its throw lengthened. The sleeve 52 engages the stop 54 and by adjusting the stop 54 the lengthened throw of the feed dog may be regulated. The bell crank lever 48 and its connection with the lever 40 to regulate its movement, is conventional, but I have improved upon this construction by providing the. adjustable stops 55 and 56, and the automatic means to move the rod 56, as will be described.

Arranged beneath the base 20 is a central rock shaft 57, suitably mounted upon the base 20. This rock shaft has a vertical lever 58 rigidly mounted thereon and this lever has pivotal connection at its upper end, at 59, with a link 60, pivotally connected with a crank 5i formed upon the shaft 38. The central rock shaft 5? has a crank 62 rigidly secured thereto, pivotally connected with a link 63, at 64, and this link 63 is pivoted at 65 with a crank 56, rigidly secured to an auxiliary rock shaft 61. This rock shaft 6'5 is suitably mounted upon the base 20. The numeral 68 designates a looper, the hook of which faces in the opposite direction to the feed of the work and preferably has a down-turned end. This looper is rigidly mounted upon a looper staff 69, carried by a clamp iii, adjustably rigidly mounted upon the rock shaft 57. A cutter or hacksaw ii is provided, and is carried by an adjustable clamp i2, mounted upon the rock shaft 6?. This cutter has shearing action with the looper to sever the loops as they are formed thereon.

The numeral i3 designates a presserfoot, carried by a presserfoot bar 14, which may be raised and lowered in the conventional manner by a lever 15, Figure 1. This presserfoot may also be raised by a lever 76.

The numeral ii designates the needle bar, carrying the needle E8. This needle bar reciprocates within guides 79 and 88. Means are provided to reciprocate the needle bar and then hold it against movement at the elevated position. This means comprises a latch housing SI, slidably mounted upon the needle bar. This latch housing comprises sides 82, having a block 33 rigidly secured to the sides 82 at their upper ends and a sleeve 84 rigidly secured to the sides 82 at their lower ends. The block 83 has an opening which slidably receives the needle bar Ti and the sleeve 84 also slidably receives this needle bar. A block 85 is rigidly secured to the needle bar ii and is adapted to engage with a shock absorbing washer 86 formed of leather, rubber, or the like. The needle bar TI has a block 3? rigidly mounted thereon, arranged between the sides'BZ and above the sleeve 84. The sides 82 are provided with apertured knuckles 83, receiving a pivot 89, connected with a latch fiil, operating between the sides 82, and the lower end of this latch engages over the block 81. When the latch Bil is in the inner or projected position, it engages block Bl and the downward movement of the housing at will move the needle bar Ti downwardly and when the housing moves upwardly, it raises the needle bar since the sleeve 34 contacts with the block 8?, hence when the latch Qil is in the projected position the housing 85 and needle bar I? reciprocate as a unit. When the latch 95 is retracted, and the housing BI moves downwardly, such housing will not move the needle bar downwardly. The sleeve 84 has a pin e: rigidly secured thereto, which is pivotally connected with a link 92, in turn pivotally connected at 93 with a cam crank 94, rigidly mounted upon the drive shaft 38. It is obvious that the housing 8! is continuously reciprocated during the rotation of the drive shaft.

Arranged near the upper end of the head 23 is a horizontal rod the free end of which is slidable within an apertured knuckle 96 formed upon a head plate 9?, which is rigidly secured to the head 23 by screws 98. The rod 95 is urged to the left, Figure 4, by a compressible coil spring 99, surrounding the same and engaging a washer see and the apertured knuckle 96. The opposite end of the rod s5 is connected with a coupling block HM, which is pivoted at I92 to an upstanding crank I03. Rigidly secured to the rod 95 is a rod I04, Figures 4, 5 and 6, and one end of this rod is bent to provide a horizontal finger I05, the free end of which is preferably beveled, and this finger is adapted to be moved beneath the block 85, into and out of the path of travel of the same. The rod I94 is bent to provide a depending portion I 96, which extends through an apertured arm rigidly secured to the pivoted latch 9!] and projecting laterally therefrom. The spring 99 moves the latch 99 to the closed position for locking housing SI to the needle bar TI, and when the rod is moved to the right, Figure 4, finger I65 engages beneath the block 85, thereby holding the needle bar I1 elevated while extension M16 moves the latch 90 to the retracted or released position.

I provide a yarn clamp which is mounted upon the needle bar, for reciprocation therewith, Figures 2, 4, 6 and '7. This yarn clamp comprises a block I07, rigidl secured to the needle bar by a set screw I08. This block provides a stationary jaw I69, Figure 7 Projecting laterally from the block It! are apertured knuckles III), between which is arranged one end of a pivoted jaw II I, connected therewith by a pivot I I2. The jaw I I I also passes between lateral projecting knuckles H3 and is guided thereby. At its free end the jaw I I I has a slot I I4, receiving a vertical extension II 5 of a horizontal rod H6. One end of this rod is slidable within a fixed apertured knuckle Ill. The rod He has a fiat head H8, provided with a slot I I9. A spring I2fi surrounds the rod H6 and engages between the head H8 and the apertured knuckle II? and shifts the rod IIES to the left, Figure 4, thereby closing the jaw III. The head H8 is mounted within a forked head I2I, Figures 3 and 4, carried by the lower end of a vertically swinging lever I22, and a pin I2I enters the slot H9.

Disposed at the driving end of the tubular arm 22, see more particularly Figures 2 and 9, is a vertical plate I23, rigidly secured to the base 28 by brackets I24 or the like. The main drive shaft 38 is equipped with the usual grooved pulley I25 and hand wheel I26. A shaft I2? extends through an opening in the plate I23 and is suitably connected with the end of the main drive shaft 33 for rotation therewith. This shaft I2? carries a gear I28, rotatable therewith, and the gear I28 is in permanent mesh with a larger gear l29, included in a cam unit. The ratio between the gears I27 and I29 is four to one, as shown. The cam unit is integral and includes an inner cam I30, which operates the needle bar latch, an intermediate cam I3 I, which operates the feed dog adjustment, and an outer cam 132 which operates the yarn clamp. This cam unit is rotatably mounted upon a horizontal shaft I33, rigidly secured to the vertical plate E23. The intermediate cam I3I is engaged by a roller- I3 3, carried by a crank I35, rigidly mounted upon a rock shaft I36, suitably journaled in the plates 9'! and I23. The horizontal rock shaft has a curved arm I37 rigidly secured thereto and this arm extends over the tubular arm 22, Figures 2, 3 and 8. As more clearly shown in Figure 8, a vertical rod I38 is pivotally connected with the free end of the arm I31, at I39, and the lower end of this rod passes through a slot in a fiat head I49, rigidly secured to the outer end of the rod 50. Arranged beneath the head 540 is a collar I4I, adjustable upon the rod I38 and held in place by a set screw I42. A collapsible coil spring I43 surrounds the rod I38 and is confined between the end of the. arm I31 and the head I40. When the freeend of the arm I3! is swung downwardly, the action of the spring I43 swings the rod 50 downwardly, and when the. free. end of the arm I3! is raised the rod 138 raises the. rod 55. The cam I3! has a low concentric part I44 and a high concentric part I45, and inclined parts I46. The low part I44 is one-fourth of the degrees of the complete cam, and the high part I45 threefourths of the degrees of the complete cam, half of the inclined portions I 46 being regarded as portions of the low and high parts. This arrangement of the low and high parts has been found to operate satisfactorily, although it may be somewhat varied. When the roller I34 travels upon. the low part I44, the arm I31 has its free end raised, and this action will swing the bell crank lever 48 upon its pivot 49 and the pivot 45 of the lever 49 is lowered and this will reduce the length of the feed stroke of the dog and effect a short feeding movement which occurs between the legs of the U-shaped tuft. When the roller I34 travels upon the high part I45, the reverse of this action occurs and the effective stroke of the feed dog is increased, and this occurs for three effective feed movements of the feed dog. This causes the distance between the formed U- shaped tufts to be increased.

The crank I03 is rigidly mounted upon a lower rock shaft Ml, suitably journaled upon the vertical plates 91 and I23, and a crank I43, Figure 9, is rigidly mounted upon the rock shaft I41 and carries a roller I49 at its lower end. The crank I46 has its lower end moved toward its cam by a collapsible coil spring I48" carried by a pin I49 secured to a stationary post I55. This roller I49 is arranged to engage the inner cam I30. The cam I30 has a low concentric part I58 and a high concentric part I5I, and inclined parts I52. The low part I50 is one-half of the degrees of the complete cam and the high i5! is one-half of the degrees of the complete cam, the high and low parts being regarded as including half of the inclined parts I52. When the roller I49 engages the low part I5ll of the cam I35, the rod 95 is moved to the left, Figure 4, and the finger m5 is moved from beneath the block 85 and at the same time the depending portion IIlS of the rod swings. the latch 90 inwardly to engage above the block 81. The needle bar TI is now locked to the reciprocatory housin 82 and the drive shaft will reciprocate the needle bar for the sewing period, through two revolutions of the main drive shaft 38. The

roller I49 then travels upon the, high part I-5I of the cam and this roller reaches the high part of the cam when the needle bar I1 is in the uppermost position. The crank I63 is now swung to the right, Figure 4, the finger I65 positioned beneath the block 85, and the rod extension IBE- shifted to the right, and the latch 95 moved from above and out-of engagement with the block 87. The needle-bar I? is now held in the elevated position during the next two revolutions of the shaft 38.

The crank 22, Figure 4, is rigidly mounted upon an upper rock shaft E53, suitably journaled upon the plates 9'5 and I23. The oppositev end of the shaft E53, Figure 9, has a depending. crank I54. rigidly mounted thereon, and this crank I54 carries a roller i55- at its lower endand this roller I55 engages the outer cam 32. The crank I54 is moved toward its cam. by a spring I54, carried by a rod i55 secured to the stationary shaft I33. The crank. I54 has a sleeve cam Itl.

I rigidly secured thereto and this sleeve is urged inwardly by the spring I54 engaging the head I57 carried by the rod I55. The cam #32 has a low concentric part I56 and a high concentric part I51 and inclined parts I58. The low part: I55 has one-fourth the degrees of the entire cam and the high part i5? has threefourths the. degrees of the. entire cam, the high and low parts including half of the inclined parts I58. When. the roller i55 passes upon the low part I55, the crank I22 is swung to the right, Figure 4, and rod H6 moves to the right, and the pivoted jaw III is swung to the open position to release the. yarn. This occurs when r the needle bar is at the top position and the latch 90 is in holding engagement with the block 81. The yarn clamp remains in the unlatched condition throughout one revolution of the main drive shaft 38, and the end of this revolution is reached when the needle has descended and penetrated the fabric and returned to the next top position. When the needle reaches the secand top position the roller I55 engages the high part I5! of the cam and the yarn clamp is again rendered active, so that the jaw I I i has clamping engagement with the yarn. The jaw I i I remains in clamping engagement with the yarn for three revolutions of the main drive shaft 38.

The yarn I passes through a stationary yarn guide IBI, mounted upon the head of the machine, and through a yarn jerker it; and a yarn tension I 53, both of which are mounted upon the needle bar TI, for reciprocation therewith.

In connection with the operation of the machine, attention is, called to Figure 11, in which the needle is shown in various positions, during the operation of the machine, and the three cams are arranged in a group near the needle in each position, to show the relative positions of the cam with respect to the needle in such positions. The starting of the operation will he considered with the formation of the U-shaped tuft I58 and the loop I59 and the severing of the loop, Figure 11, a. The needle, Figure 11, a, is in the lowered position and the housing is locked to the needle bar. Figure 11,12, the housing and needle bar have moved to the top position, and when the needle reaches the top position, the needle bar is locked in the raised position, and the latch disconnects the needle bar from the reciprocatory housing, the yarn clamp closes and clamps the yarn, and the loop I59 is severed. In Figure 11, a, the roller I48 is engaging the low part 556 of the cam I When the needle reaches the raised position, Figure 11, b, the roller I49 has passed upon the high part I5I of the cam I36 and the needle bar is thereby locked in the raised position and disconnected from the reciprocatory housing; The roller I34 moved upon the inclined portion see of the cam it! when the needle was in the fabric, Figure 11, a, and when the needle begins to rise and before it passes out of the fabric, the roller I34 moves upon the high part E45 of the The arm 13'! is now swung downwardly and the pivot 45 raised whereby the throw of the feed dog is increased. The roller -34 remains upon the high part'of the earn it! during the spacing period and while the main drive shaft 38' is making three revolutions. When the needle is in the raised position, Figure 11, b, and locked in this position and disconnected from. the reciprocatory housing, and when they housing moves down slightly, the roller I55 passes upon the high part I51 of the cam I32 and the yarn clamp is closed to clamp the yarn. Particular attention is called to the fact that the length of the yarn between the closed yarn clamp and the free end of the yarn, remains constant until the yarn clamp is again opened. The roller I55 remains in engagement with the high part I? of the cam I32 during three revolutions of the drive shaft 38 during the spacing period. This is shown in Figure 11, c. In Figure 11, d, the housing has moved up upon its third cycle, and the fabric has been fed two and one-half spaces. When the needle moves down and before it reaches and penetrates the fabric, the formed tuft has been fed three spaces from the line of the needle, Figure 11, c. When the needle was in the raised position, Figure 11, d, and before it started on the down stroke, Figure 11, e, the roller Hi9 passed the high part I5I of the cam I30 and engaged the low part I56 of this cam. When the needle, Figure 11, e, was in the low position and penetrating the fabric, the roller I3 3 passed upon the low part Me of the cam I3I, and the arm I3? was raised and the pivot 35 was lowered, thus providing a short feed by the feed dog. The roller I55 is still engaging the high part I5! of cam I32 when the needle is in the lowered position, Figure 11, e. This needle forms a loop 56b, Figure 11, e, and one side ISI of which has its free end projecting above the fabric. The looper now enters this loop Hill when the needle rises, Figure 11, f, and the free end -of the loop is slid about the looper and extends entirely beneath the fabric and such free end is level with the cutting edge of the looper. The yarn clamp remains closed until the needle reaches the extreme top position, and since the length of the yarn between the yarn clamp and its free end remains constant, and the stroke of the needle is constant, the length of the yarn beneath the fabric necessarily remains constant. When the needle was penetrating the fabric, Figure 11, e, the roller I34 was engaging the low part I44 of the cam I3I, so that when the needle was elevated above the fabric, Figure 11, J, and again travel down toward the fabric and before it penetrated the fabric, the fabric was fed one short step. This reduces the distance between the legs of the U-shaped tuft. As soon as the needle reaches the top position, Figure 11, f, and as soon as the needle starts on its down stroke, the roller I55 engages the lower part I 56 of the cam I32 and the yarn clamp releases the yarn. The short feed of the fabric is completed before the needle penetrates the fabric and the needle again passes downwardly through the fabric, completing the U- shaped tuft I58 and forming the next U-shaped loop I59, Figure 11, g. This completes the cycle of operation. When the needle moves up from the position shown in Figure 11, g or a, to the position shown at Figure 11, b, with the yarn clamp open, the frictional engagement of the two sides of the U-shaped loop I 58 with the fabric and the loop I59 with the looper is greater than the frictional engagement between the yarn and the eye of the needle and the yarn tension, and this eliminates any tendency for the U-shaped tuft I58 being pulled in the fabric so that its ends will become uneven. The loop I59 is severed when the needle is at the top, the clamp is holding the yarn, and the housing is unlatched from the needle bar and is moving downwardly. Important features of the invention are that the yarn clamp maintains the length of the yarn between the clamp and the free end of the yarn constant, and the distance that the eye of the needle travels above the fabric is maintained substantially equal to the distance that such eye passes beneath the fabric.

While the machine has been shown as forming spaced single U-shaped tufts, the invention is not restricted to this feature, as slight changes can be made in the gear ratio between the main drift shaft and the cam unit, and in the shape of the cams I30, l3l and I32, whereby spaced groups of U-shaped tufts may be formed upon the fabric. When this is done, the same operation is practiced in forming the leading side of the leading U-shaped tuft and the trailing side of the trailing U-shaped tuft, in the group, as was practiced in forming the leading and trailing sides of the individual U-shaped tufts. I also contemplate making changes in the machine whereby the U-shaped tufts are not spaced but form a continuous line of tufting, and when this is done the skipping period will occur at the trailing end of the line of tufting and this will sever the trailing loop and free the work from the machine. Where a plurality of U-shaped tufts are formed in a group or a continuous line of U-shaped tufts are formed, the cutter may be so adjusted that one unsevered loop remains upon the looper until the end of the group or the end of the continuous line of tufts is reached and the skipping period is started, at which time all loops upon the looper are severed to free the work.

It is to be understood that the form of my invention herewith shown and described is to be taken as a preferred example of the same, and that various changes in the shape, size and'arrangement of parts may be resorted to, without departing from the spirit of my invention or the scope of the subioined claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. The method of forming spaced U-shaped tufts upon a fabric, comprising holding a yarn in the eye of a needle and extending the free end of the yarn for a selected distance from such eye,positively clamping the yarn at one point so that the yarn cannot move longitudinally with relation to such point and causing the point of clamping to move with the needle and thereby causing the length of the yarn between the point of clamping and its free end to remain constant, passing the needle downwardly through the fabric while continuing said positive clamping action of the yarn to form the sides of a U shaped loop upon the bottom of the fabric, moving a looper into the loop, moving the point of the needle upwardly above the fabric for a distance equal to the die- I tance that the point of the needle was moved beneath the fabric while continuing said positive clamping action upon the yarn until the needle reaches the end of its upstroke and thereby causing the formed loop to slide about the looper and destroying the formed loop and leaving one side of the formed loop beneath the fabric, effecting a feed of the fabric while the needle is in the raised position, moving the needle downwardly toward the fabric and removing said positive clamping action from the yarn before the point of the needle reaches the fabric so that the yarn may freely shift longitudinally within the eye of the needle and continuing the downward movement of the needle through the fabric to complete the U-shaped tuft and form a second loop including one side of the formed U-shaped tuft, moving a looper into the second loop, continuing the removal of the positive clamping action from the yam while moving the needle upwardly to a point above the fabric for the same distance that the point of the needle was moved downwardly below the fabric, severing the second loop while the needle is in the raised position, again applying said positive clamping action to the yarn when the needle is in the raised position, feeding the fabric while the needle is in the raised position to produce the space between the tufts, and repeating the operation to form a plurality of tufts.

2. The method of forming spaced U-shaped tufts upon a fabric, comprising holding a yarn in the eye of a needle and extending the free end of the yarn for a selected distance from such eye, positively clamping the yarn at one point so that the yarn cannot move longitudinally with relation to such point and causing the point of clamping to move with the needle and thereby causing the length of the yarn between the point of clamping and its free end to remain constant, passing the needle downwardly through the fabric while continuing said positive clamping action of the yarn to form the sides of a U-shaped loop upon the bottom of the fabric, moving a looper into a position inwardly of one side of the U-shaped loop, moving the point of the needle upwardly above the fabric while continuing said positive clamping action upon the yarn until the needle reaches the end of its upstroke and thereby causing the formed loop to slide about the looper and destroying the formed loop and leav ing one side of the formed loop beneath the fabric, effecting a feed of the fabric while the needle is in the raised position, moving the needle downwardly toward the fabric and removing said positive clamping action from the yarn before the point of the needle reaches the fabric so that the yarn may freely slide within the eye of the needle and continuing the downward movement of the needle through the fabric to complete the U-shaped tuft and form a second loop including one side of the formed U-shaped tuft, moving a looper into the second loop, continuing the removal of the positive clamping action from the yarn while moving the needle upwardly to a point above the fabric and severing the second lop.

WALTER W. HAMBY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 766,715 Lyons Aug. 2, 1904 1,382,976 Hauser June 28, 1921 2,171,825 Bradwell Sept. 5, 1939 2,218,123 Smith Oct. 15, 1940 2,346,467 Bills et a1. Apr. 11, 1944 2,369,470 Langa Feb. 13, 1945 

